Medication
There is no cure for dementia. However, some medications have been found to relieve some symptoms for some people for a period of time.
People with Alzheimer's disease have been shown to have a shortage of the chemical acetylcholine in their brains. Medications called 'cholinesterase inhibitors' work by boosting existing supplies of acetylcholine. These drugs are called donepezil (Aricept® and Donezil), rivastigmine (Exelon®) and galantamine (Reminyl®). They are mainly helpful for people with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease. Evidence is growing that they may be useful in other types of dementia as well. Side effects may include reduced appetite, nausea, indigestion, diarrhoea, fatigue, sleep disturbances, incontinence of urine and slowing of the heart rate.
These drugs are not currently subsidised in New Zealand. Monthly prescriptions cost between $150 and $300, depending on pharmacy retail mark up, dosage and the particular drug prescribed. Prices vary, so it is advisable to shop around. Your local Alzheimers member organisation will be able to help you figure out which pharmacy is the most inexpensive in your community.
Memantine (Ebixa®) is another drug available in New Zealand, which works in a different way to the other three. It prevents excess entry of calcium ions into brain cells. Excess calcium in the brain cells damage them and prevent them from receiving messages from other brain cells. Memantine is promoted as being effective in more advanced cases of Alzheimer's disease. Side effects may include hallucinations, confusion, dizziness, headaches and tiredness.
Dietary and other lifestyle changes may also improve the course of dementia. Please click here for more information.
For more information about medication, please talk to your local Alzheimers organisation or your GP. You may be able to access Disability Allowance through Work and Income to help you pay for any medication you need - link. However, this depends on you and your partner's weekly income.
Contact Work & Income New Zealand on 0800 559 009 or visit their website to find out more information.